Allele Frequency Calculator
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🧬 Allele Frequency Calculator — Understand Genetic Variation Easily
The Allele Frequency Calculator is a powerful genetics tool that helps researchers, students, and geneticists determine how often specific alleles appear in a population. By calculating allele frequencies, you can analyze genetic diversity, evolutionary changes, and population structures across generations.
🧠 What Is Allele Frequency?
Allele frequency refers to how common a particular form of a gene (allele) is in a population. For instance, in a population where the gene for eye color has two alleles — blue (b) and brown (B) — the frequency of each depends on how many individuals carry each one.
The calculation is based on the Hardy-Weinberg principle, which assumes that allele frequencies in a large, randomly mating population remain constant across generations if evolutionary influences are absent.
⚙️ How Does the Allele Frequency Calculator Work?
Our Allele Frequency Calculator simplifies the process of determining allele frequency from genotype counts.
Here’s how it works:
- Enter the number of homozygous dominant (AA) individuals.
- Enter the number of heterozygous (Aa) individuals.
- Enter the number of homozygous recessive (aa) individuals.
- The calculator applies the following formulas: p=2(AA)+(Aa)2N,q=2(aa)+(Aa)2Np = \frac{2(AA) + (Aa)}{2N}, \quad q = \frac{2(aa) + (Aa)}{2N}p=2N2(AA)+(Aa),q=2N2(aa)+(Aa) where p and q represent the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, and N is the total number of individuals.
🧩 Applications of the Allele Frequency Calculator
The calculator is commonly used in:
- Population genetics to track genetic variation.
- Evolutionary biology to study natural selection effects.
- Medical genetics to predict genetic disorder risks.
- Conservation biology to maintain biodiversity.
For instance, when studying endangered species, allele frequency helps determine if a population is losing genetic diversity over time.
📊 Example Calculation
Let’s say you have the following data for a gene:
- 60 individuals with genotype AA
- 30 individuals with genotype Aa
- 10 individuals with genotype aa
Total population (N) = 100
Then, p=2(60)+302(100)=0.75p = \frac{2(60) + 30}{2(100)} = 0.75p=2(100)2(60)+30=0.75 q=2(10)+302(100)=0.25q = \frac{2(10) + 30}{2(100)} = 0.25q=2(100)2(10)+30=0.25
So, dominant allele frequency (p) = 0.75 and recessive allele frequency (q) = 0.25.
🔗 Related Tools
If you’re working with biological or experimental data, you may also find our Cell Dilution Calculator helpful for laboratory calculations.